What Is An Off-Grid (Stand-Alone) Photovoltaic Systems

A off-grid photovoltaic systems is mainly composed of solar cell module, photovoltaic controller, energy storage battery, photovoltaic inverter, AC and DC power distribution box, photovoltaic bracket and so on. Off-grid photovoltaic power generation system can be categorized into the following forms according to the characteristics of the electricity-using load.

Battery-free DC photovoltaic power generation system

DC photovoltaic systems with batteries

DC photovoltaic power generation system with a battery. The system consists of a solar cell, a photovoltaic controller, a battery, and a DC load. When there is sunlight, the solar cell converts the light energy into electricity for the load to use, and at the same time stores electricity to the battery. At night or on cloudy or rainy days, the battery supplies power to the load. This system has a wide range of applications, from small solar lawn lamps, garden lamps, to large mobile communication base stations away from the grid, microwave relay stations, power supply in remote rural areas. When the system capacity and load power is large, it needs to be equipped with solar cell arrays and battery packs.

AC and AC/DC hybrid photovoltaic power generation systems

AC and hybrid AC/DC PV systems. Compared with the DC PV system, the AC PV system has an additional PV inverter to convert the DC power to AC power to provide power to the AC loads. When there is sunlight, the photovoltaic cell converts the light energy into DC energy to charge the storage battery, and at the same time converts the DC power into AC power through the PV inverter to provide power for AC users or loads. At night or on cloudy or rainy days, the DC energy stored in the storage battery is converted to AC power by the PV inverter to supply power to the load. A hybrid AC/DC system can supply power to both DC and AC loads.